閱讀難題啃不下來，如何拿高分？
來源：托福君TOEFL
小編：環(huán)球教育整理 424你也遇到提分瓶頸了嘛?或者也有著這樣的苦惱?
閱讀短時(shí)間提升6分、8分、11分……為什么身邊的同學(xué)伙伴都這么厲害?同樣的基礎(chǔ)，為什么“我”做不到?今天北美考試院為你答疑解惑。
1.識別與突破瓶頸
閱讀提分瓶頸期有3個(gè)階段，10分以下、15分左右、21分左右。以上分?jǐn)?shù)，對應(yīng)的復(fù)習(xí)階段為夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)、方法系統(tǒng)化、篇章解構(gòu)精細(xì)化(出題規(guī)律)。每個(gè)階段分別是要突破的點(diǎn)都不同，聯(lián)動成線，形成體系，自然會攻下高分。我們接下來就用實(shí)例來說明一下，每一個(gè)瓶頸的破解要點(diǎn)。
2.實(shí)例說明
(1)詞匯你真的準(zhǔn)備好了嘛?我們舉個(gè)例子先，appreciate這個(gè)詞匯我們都很熟悉，刷詞匯書的時(shí)候，90%的同學(xué)都會秒答“欣賞，感激”。但是，當(dāng)我們遇到這個(gè)詞匯題的時(shí)候，是否覺得是題出錯(cuò)了?
appreciate
A.ignore
B.understand
C.find
D.limit
其實(shí)，appreciate還有“領(lǐng)會”的意思，所以上面的題目正確答案是B。類似的題目都能答對的同學(xué)，詞匯是過關(guān)了的，也就基本屬于沖刺25+的水平。當(dāng)然，沒有選對的同學(xué)，也不要灰心，至少我們清楚了詞匯在閱讀題目中要注意的情況。
(2)句子真的讀懂了嘛?題型方法也掌握好了?很多同學(xué)都喜歡說，老師，我覺得我讀懂了，我也知道是什么題型，方法也用了，就是沒選對。納尼?你逗我呢嘛?一言不合就上題，來我們看看下面這道題1.5分鐘之內(nèi)能選對不?就算讀懂，還有時(shí)間限制，如何達(dá)到心如止水、鎮(zhèn)定自若的考試狀態(tài)?
Tradeand the Ancient Middle East
Paragraph1: Tradewas the mainstay of the urban economy in the Middle East, as caravansnegotiated the surrounding desert, restricted only by access to waterand mountain ranges. This has been so since ancient times, partly dueto the geology of the area, which is mostly limestone and sandstone,with few deposits of metallic ore and other useful materials. Ancientdemands for obsidian (a black volcanic rock useful for making mirrorsand tools) led to trade with Armenia to the north, while jade forcutting tools was brought from Turkistan, and the precious stonelapis lazuli was imported from Afghanistan. One can trace suchexpeditions back to ancient Sumer, the earliest known Middle Easterncivilization. Records show merchant caravans and trading posts set upby the Sumerians in the surrounding mountains and deserts of Persiaand Arabia, where they traded grain for raw materials, such as timberand stones, as well as for metals and gems.
1. According to paragraph 1, why has trade been so important throughoutthe history of the Middle East?
Therare and valuable metals and stones found in Middle Eastern desertshave always been in high demand in surrounding areas.
Growingconditions throughout the Middle East are generally poor, forcingMiddle Eastern people to depend on imported grain.
Manyuseful and decorative raw materials cannot be found naturally in theMiddle East but are available from neighboring regions.
Frequenttravel, due to limited water supplies in the Middle East, createdmany opportunities for trade with neighboring societies.
在謎底揭曉前，我們先自己練習(xí)一下喲，一會再看看后面的分析，檢測一下自己到底是句子理解遇到問題還是做題方法層面還未成體系。
現(xiàn)在我們詳細(xì)解析，根據(jù)我們北美考試院課堂小知識可知：
1)此題為細(xì)節(jié)題;
2)審題詞是why，問貿(mào)易重要的原因;
3)無有效定位詞(多半重復(fù)標(biāo)題);
4)第一句mainstay“中流砥柱”=important，第二句dueto表示原因;
5)答案范圍：dueto thegeology of the area, which is mostly limestone and sandstone, withfew deposits of metallic ore and other useful materials
6)總結(jié)理解：石頭多，(金屬等)有用材料少。
7)分析選項(xiàng)：
rare同時(shí)修飾金屬和石頭，根據(jù)第六步，本選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。錯(cuò)選A多為馬虎。
主干：growing conditions are poor，有的同學(xué)讀懂了，但是卻又進(jìn)一步假設(shè)，將原文已知信息變?yōu)闂l件，“老師，那原文說石頭多，就是不利于生長唄!”。我們一起來辨別，選擇正確答案是要判斷選項(xiàng)與原文答案句是否可以直接替換，也就是可否劃等號，而不是把兩句拼湊成一句看通不通順。B項(xiàng)無關(guān)。
好多同學(xué)看到many useful…materials就想直接排除了，而忽視了主干部分的cannot be found naturally，其實(shí)這句話就是有用材料not many“不多”的意思。人家正確著呢。
limited water supplies是無關(guān)項(xiàng)。
我們今天的分析就到這里啦，下次再為大家分享其他方面的應(yīng)對策略。歡迎關(guān)注：weixin：托福君TOEFL。
