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　　“總結(jié)”是對(duì)先前的論述內(nèi)容進(jìn)行歸納，標(biāo)志本段論述結(jié)束的節(jié)點(diǎn)，再次申明觀點(diǎn)。范例如下：

　　Do you agree or disagree with the followingstatement? It is important to learn about other cultures. Use details andexamples to explain your opinion.

　　——TPO 18

　　參考答案：

　　I strongly agree that we should learn aboutother cultures. In today’s world, movement of peoples is extremely fluid.People work and live in different places than the one where they grew up, andmillions of people visit new countries every day. In today’s globalized world,it is critical to maintain an open mind and learn about other cultures forbusiness and political success. In the example of the United States, theworld’s most technologically advanced nation, it is strong because of itsdedication to bringing the best from every other culture. Learning about andfrom a different culture than your own can be very productive and beneficial.

　　《新托福真題詳解——口語(yǔ)分卷(第一冊(cè)第二版)》

　　“原因”是對(duì)觀點(diǎn)的由來(lái)進(jìn)行闡述，這有可能是最為常見(jiàn)的觀點(diǎn)展開(kāi)方式之一，可以直接看，范例如下：

　　Some people think that children should beallowed to watch whatever television programs they choose to. Others think thatparents should exercise control over the television programs their childrenwatch. Which do you agree with? Explain why.

　　——TPO 11

　　參考答案：

　　I agree with the idea that parents shouldhave some control over the television programs watched by children. Thestrongest argument would be that children have immature minds and are eager tocopy what they have seen sometimes. Thus, extreme violence or lewd pornographictelevision shows should not be available to children viewer. It is true that ifchildren truly wanted to watch such shows, they would find a way to watch themanyhow. However, parents should at least exert some basic level of control so thatsuch shows are not accessible easily.

　　《新托福真題詳解——口語(yǔ)分卷(第一冊(cè)第二版)》

　　“結(jié)果”，顯然可分為兩種情形進(jìn)行討論，即“這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)會(huì)導(dǎo)致什么好的結(jié)果”和“與之相悖，又會(huì)導(dǎo)致何種壞的結(jié)果”。范例如下：

　　Some people have one career throughouttheir lives. Other people do different kinds of work at different points intheir lives. Which do you think is better? Explain why.

　　——TPO 6

　　參考答案：

　　I believe that having one career for mostof one’s life is better than having different kinds of work at different pointsin life. Changing careers bring a lot of uncertainty along with it. Between thetime gaps of the two different jobs, will you have income? Will you be able tosupport your family? I believe that keeping one type of career is more stableand will always provide money to buy food and necessities for your family.Keeping on type of job is safer, and this is better for supporting a family.

　　《新托福真題詳解——口語(yǔ)分卷(第一冊(cè)第二版)》

　　“類(lèi)比”是用跟甲事物有相似之處的乙事物來(lái)描寫(xiě)或說(shuō)明甲事物，這是一個(gè)非常重要的論證方法。一旦在口語(yǔ)之中使用，往往就會(huì)特別出彩。范例如下：

　　Some students prefer to work on classassignments by themselves. Others believe it is better to work in a group.Which do you prefer? Explain why.

　　——TPO 3

　　參考答案：

　　When working on classwork or homeworkassignments, I prefer to work in a group. While I am working, many of mythoughts begin as rough ideas that need more development. When I work in agroup, I am able to tell my friends my ideas and receive their input. Throughthis method, I am able to easily refine my ideas and integrate my friends’ideas into my personal thoughts. The group work is like the military withmutual support. In addition, working with friends makes assignments lesstedious. While homework can sometimes feel like a chore, talking to friendswhile doing it makes the task more enjoyable.

　　《新托福真題詳解——口語(yǔ)分卷(第一冊(cè)第二版)》

　　“名言”是大家很喜歡使用的一種論證法，通過(guò)前輩名人的妙語(yǔ)來(lái)佐證我們自己的觀點(diǎn)，的確能為答案的論證增色不少。范例如下：

　　Do you agree or disagree with the followingstatement? Why or why not? Use details and examples to explain your answer. Itis more important to study math or science than it is to study art orliterature.

　　——TPO 5

　　參考答案：

　　I disagree with the statement that studyingmath or science is more important than studying art and literature. Althoughstudying math and science will perhaps lead to a better job later in life, Ibelieve it is important to receive a well-round education in a variety ofsubjects. With only a limited knowledge of art and literature, how can someonebe expected to hold an intelligent conversation if something about literatureis brought up and he or she has no input? Picasso said that art is a lie thattells the truth.Balance is the key.

　　《新托福真題詳解——口語(yǔ)分卷(第一冊(cè)第二版)》

　　大家可以看看如下這個(gè)參考范例，是否做到了我們剛剛所描述的諸多要求?例子描述得細(xì)不細(xì)致?在介紹書(shū)時(shí)除了舉例還使用了哪些論述方法?我就不多說(shuō)了，可以在文章末尾處留言告訴我你的分析，我們?cè)龠M(jìn)行進(jìn)一步交流。

　　Talk about a book you have read that was important to you for some reason. Explain why the book was important to you.

　　——TPO-1

　　參考答案：

　　One particular book that I always rememberis Guns, Germs, and Steel by Jared Diamond, a geography professor at UCLA. Thebook is a nonfictional account of human development throughout history. Itfocuses on agriculture, culture, and science as the engines of civilization. Itis a long book about a difficult subject, but the author writes it in a waythat is interesting and fun to read. I learned about many interestingconnections between geography and the rise and fall of different peoplesthroughout human history. It offers me a fresh and grand perspective ofhumanity.

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