托福閱讀：舉例句子改寫題
來(lái)源：
小編：環(huán)球教育 296關(guān)于托福閱讀，“把握作者的意圖”這樣一個(gè)原則放在重要的題型中怎么使用呢?來(lái)看個(gè)句子改寫題，句子改寫題就是考察你在一個(gè)句子內(nèi)部如何把握它重要的信息。下面，讓環(huán)球教育托福頻道小編為大家做詳細(xì)的介紹。
例1 [結(jié)果]These plants are termed opportunists because [原因]they rely on their seeds’ falling into settings where competing plants have been removed by natural processes, such as along an eroding riverbank, on landslips, or where a tree falls and creates a gap in the forest canopy.
A. Because [原因]their seeds grow in places where competing plants are no longer present, [結(jié)果]dandelions are classified as opportunists.
B. [結(jié)果]Dandelions are called opportunists because [原因]they contribute to the natural processes of erosion and the creation of gaps in the forest canopy.
C. The term opportunists apply to plants whose seeds fall in places where they can compete with the seeds of other plants.
D. The term opportunists apply to plants whose falling seeds are removed by natural processes.
你發(fā)現(xiàn)原句中有個(gè)because，就知道這句話是在解釋，必定有因有果。我們先去找因和果。結(jié)果是這些植物被稱為機(jī)會(huì)主義者，原因是它們依賴種子掉進(jìn)一個(gè)環(huán)境，后面說(shuō)這個(gè)環(huán)境里競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性的植物已經(jīng)被移除了，即沒有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性的環(huán)境。對(duì)句子稍做整理后變成，因?yàn)樗鼈円蕾囎约旱姆N子掉進(jìn)一個(gè)沒有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性的環(huán)境，所以這些植物被稱為機(jī)會(huì)主義者。
有同學(xué)會(huì)問(wèn)，后面的such as要怎么處理。一般我們有個(gè)原則，在句子當(dāng)中如果是補(bǔ)充的信息，那很重要;如果是重復(fù)的信息，應(yīng)該是不重要的。所以看such as只要明白一點(diǎn)，它到底給前面的什么內(nèi)容舉例?？蠢拥膬?nèi)容，會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)說(shuō)的都是地方，說(shuō)明是給setting舉例，那么就可以把它放在一邊。
于是，我們明白作者原句的意圖是在解釋有因果的關(guān)系，那么四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中正確的答案必定在邏輯關(guān)系和講話的意圖上和原句是一樣的。發(fā)現(xiàn)A、B、C、D中只有A和B是有因果的，再進(jìn)一步看具體的內(nèi)容，可知A的原因和結(jié)果都與原句一致，為正確選項(xiàng)。
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